Natural, Man-made and Human Environment
NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Land, water, air, plants and animals comprise the natural
environment. Land, water, air, plants and animals respectively create domains on Earth namely, lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. Let us learn more about them.
- Lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth. It is made up of rocks and minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil. It is an irregular surface with various landforms such as mountains, plateaus, plains, valleys, etc. Landforms are found over the continents and also on the ocean floors. Lithosphere is the domain that provides us forests, grasslands for grazing, land for agriculture and human settlements. It is also a source of mineral wealth.
- The domain of water is referred to as hydrosphere. It comprises various sources of water and different types of water bodies like rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, etc. It is essential for all living organisms.
- The atmosphere is the thin layer of air that surrounds the earth. The gravitational force of the earth holds the atmosphere around it. It protects us from the harmful rays and scorching heat of the sun. It consists of a number of gases, dust and water vapor. The changes in the atmosphere produce changes in the weather and climate.
- Plant and animal kingdom together make biosphere or the living world. It is a narrow zone of the earth where land, water and air interact with each other to support life.
Ecosystem: It is a
system formed by the
interaction of all
living organisms with
each other and with
the physical and
chemical factors of
the environment in
which they live, all
linked by transfer of
energy and material.
MAN-MADE ENVIRONMENT
A Human-made or a Man-made environment is referred to as the surroundings made by humans to provide facilities for satisfying human needs. These surroundings are made to have a place for people to do jobs or live or even educate other people and also recreating requirements for the concerned people’s day to day needs.
A greenhouse is an example of a man-made environment used to grow plants. Ski Dubai is another example. It is a ski resort in a desert and it has snow too! The Singapore Zoo is another example of a man-made environment.
The use of technology, concepts are seen in a physical environment which is directly influencing during the making of a man-made environment.
A greenhouse is an example of a man-made environment used to grow plants. Ski Dubai is another example. It is a ski resort in a desert and it has snow too! The Singapore Zoo is another example of a man-made environment.
The use of technology, concepts are seen in a physical environment which is directly influencing during the making of a man-made environment.
HUMAN ENVIRONMENT
Human beings interact with the environment and modify
it according to their need. Early humans adapted
themselves to the natural surroundings. They led a
simple life and fulfilled their requirements from the
nature around them. With time needs grew and became
more varied. Humans learn new ways to use and change
environment. They learn to grow crops, domesticate
animals and lead a settled life. The wheel was invented,
surplus food was produced, barter system emerged, trade
started and commerce developed. Industrial revolution
enabled large scale production. Transportation became
faster. Information revolution made communication
easier and speedy across the world.
Barter System:
It is a trade in which
goods are exchanged
without the use of
money
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